Researchers have raised concerns over the impact of an invasive and toxic fish species in the Mediterranean, which can cause severe injuries. A new study is warning the growing presence of the silver-cheeked toadfish in coastal areas is a “direct threat to tourism”, especially in areas enjoyed by swimmers.

The pufferfish’s powerful bite can cause partial amputations of fingers, while its flesh and organs contain a potent neurotoxin which is potentially lethal if consumed. Researchers in Croatia report there has been a fourth confirmed sighting of the species in the Adriatic Sea and the northernmost so far. The male pufferfish was caught in May last year in Croatia’s Medulin Bay - a popular tourist area - at a depth of nearly 20 metres.

It measured 52 centimetres long and weighed 1.3 kilogrammes.

The silver-cheeked toadfish originates from the Indo-Pacific and is believed to come to the region via the Suez Canal.

Scientists say the species has “quickly spread” across the Mediterranean since its first sighting in 2003. 

The study has been carried out by the Faculty of Natural Sciences at Juraj Dobrila University of Pula and the Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries in Split.

It warns the species is known for its “aggressive behaviour” and that its bites can cause “significant injuries”.

“Alarmingly, recent evidence from the southern and eastern Mediterranean shows that these bites can result in severe injuries, such as partial amputations of fingers.

“Although such cases are rare, they highlight the potential danger this species poses to humans.”

The report added: “These risks not only create safety concerns for swimmers but also threaten the image and appeal of tourist destinations, potentially leading to economic losses in local tourism and related industries.”

There are also concerns over the fish’s impact on the fishing industry, marine ecosystems and biodiversity loss.

The scientists are calling for the spread of the species to be effectively managed through monitoring, regulation and also educating the public.

They say engaging with local communities will help with early sightings of the fish.